ASTM A182 Grade F23 vs. Grade 28 Titanium
ASTM A182 grade F23 belongs to the iron alloys classification, while grade 28 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A182 grade F23 and the bottom bar is grade 28 titanium.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 190 | |
| 110 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 22 | |
| 11 to 17 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 320 | |
| 330 to 480 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 | |
| 0.32 |
| Reduction in Area, % | 46 | |
| 22 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 74 | |
| 40 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 360 | |
| 420 to 590 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 570 | |
| 690 to 980 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 460 | |
| 540 to 810 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 250 | |
| 410 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 450 | |
| 330 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1500 | |
| 1640 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1450 | |
| 1590 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 470 | |
| 550 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 41 | |
| 8.3 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 13 | |
| 9.9 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 7.8 | |
| 1.3 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 8.9 | |
| 2.7 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 7.0 | |
| 36 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 8.0 | |
| 4.5 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 2.5 | |
| 37 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 36 | |
| 600 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 59 | |
| 370 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 120 | |
| 87 to 110 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 550 | |
| 1370 to 3100 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 24 | |
| 35 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 20 | |
| 43 to 61 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 19 | |
| 39 to 49 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 11 | |
| 3.4 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 17 | |
| 47 to 66 |
Alloy Composition
Deprecated: Automatic conversion of false to array is deprecated in /home/public/compare.php on line 460
| Aluminum (Al), % | 0 to 0.030 | |
| 2.5 to 3.5 |
| Boron (B), % | 0.0010 to 0.0060 | |
| 0 |
| Carbon (C), % | 0.040 to 0.1 | |
| 0 to 0.080 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 1.9 to 2.6 | |
| 0 |
| Hydrogen (H), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.015 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 93.2 to 96.2 | |
| 0 to 0.25 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0.1 to 0.6 | |
| 0 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0.050 to 0.3 | |
| 0 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0 to 0.4 | |
| 0 |
| Niobium (Nb), % | 0.020 to 0.080 | |
| 0 |
| Nitrogen (N), % | 0 to 0.015 | |
| 0 to 0.030 |
| Oxygen (O), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.15 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.030 | |
| 0 |
| Ruthenium (Ru), % | 0 | |
| 0.080 to 0.14 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 to 0.5 | |
| 0 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.010 | |
| 0 |
| Titanium (Ti), % | 0.0050 to 0.060 | |
| 92.4 to 95.4 |
| Tungsten (W), % | 1.5 to 1.8 | |
| 0 |
| Vanadium (V), % | 0.2 to 0.3 | |
| 2.0 to 3.0 |
| Residuals, % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.4 |