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ASTM A227 Spring Steel vs. EN 1.4931 Steel

Both ASTM A227 spring steel and EN 1.4931 steel are iron alloys. They have 86% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A227 spring steel and the bottom bar is EN 1.4931 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 500 to 640
240
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 12
17
Fatigue Strength, MPa 900 to 1160
410
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 72
76
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1720 to 2220
810
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 1430 to 1850
620

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
270
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
600
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 52
24
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
14

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.2
9.8
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.3
11

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
8.5
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
2.9
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 19
42
Embodied Water, L/kg 46
100

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 200 to 260
130
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 61 to 79
29
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 41 to 48
25
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
6.5
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 55 to 71
22

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.45 to 0.85
0.2 to 0.26
Chromium (Cr), % 0
11.3 to 12.2
Iron (Fe), % 97.4 to 99.1
83.2 to 86.8
Manganese (Mn), % 0.3 to 1.3
0.5 to 0.8
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
1.0 to 1.2
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0 to 1.0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.030
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 0.4
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.050
0 to 0.020
Tungsten (W), % 0
0 to 0.5
Vanadium (V), % 0
0.25 to 0.35