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ASTM A229 Spring Steel vs. AISI 441 Stainless Steel

Both ASTM A229 spring steel and AISI 441 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 80% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A229 spring steel and the bottom bar is AISI 441 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 490 to 550
170
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 14
23
Fatigue Strength, MPa 710 to 790
180
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 72
77
Shear Strength, MPa 1020 to 1140
300
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1690 to 1890
470
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 1100 to 1230
270

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
280
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
910
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
1440
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1400
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 50
23
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
10

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.2
2.7
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.3
3.1

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
13
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
2.8
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 19
41
Embodied Water, L/kg 46
130

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 200 to 230
92
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 3260 to 4080
190
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 60 to 67
17
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 40 to 43
17
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
6.1
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 54 to 60
16

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.55 to 0.85
0 to 0.030
Chromium (Cr), % 0
17.5 to 19.5
Iron (Fe), % 97.5 to 99
76 to 82.2
Manganese (Mn), % 0.3 to 1.2
0 to 1.0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0 to 1.0
Niobium (Nb), % 0
0.3 to 0.9
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0 to 0.030
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.050
0 to 0.030
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0.1 to 0.5