ASTM A229 Spring Steel vs. Ductile Cast Iron
Both ASTM A229 spring steel and ductile cast iron are iron alloys. They have a very high 96% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A229 spring steel and the bottom bar is ductile cast iron.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Brinell Hardness | 490 to 550 | |
| 160 to 310 |
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 190 | |
| 170 to 180 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 14 | |
| 2.1 to 20 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 | |
| 0.28 to 0.31 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 72 | |
| 64 to 70 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 1020 to 1140 | |
| 420 to 800 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 1690 to 1890 | |
| 460 to 920 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 1100 to 1230 | |
| 310 to 670 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 250 | |
| 270 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 400 | |
| 290 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1450 | |
| 1160 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1410 | |
| 1120 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 470 | |
| 490 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 50 | |
| 31 to 36 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 12 | |
| 11 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 7.2 | |
| 7.4 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 8.3 | |
| 8.8 to 9.4 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 1.8 | |
| 1.9 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.8 | |
| 7.1 to 7.5 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 1.4 | |
| 1.5 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 19 | |
| 21 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 46 | |
| 43 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 200 to 230 | |
| 17 to 80 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 3260 to 4080 | |
| 280 to 1330 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 12 to 14 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 24 | |
| 24 to 26 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 60 to 67 | |
| 17 to 35 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 40 to 43 | |
| 18 to 29 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 14 | |
| 8.9 to 10 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 54 to 60 | |
| 17 to 35 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0.55 to 0.85 | |
| 3.0 to 3.5 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 97.5 to 99 | |
| 93.7 to 95.5 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0.3 to 1.2 | |
| 0 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.040 | |
| 0 to 0.080 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0.15 to 0.35 | |
| 1.5 to 2.8 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.050 | |
| 0 |