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ASTM A231 Spring Steel vs. ASTM A182 Grade F122

Both ASTM A231 spring steel and ASTM A182 grade F122 are iron alloys. They have 86% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A231 spring steel and the bottom bar is ASTM A182 grade F122.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 540
220
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 14
23
Fatigue Strength, MPa 1000
320
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Reduction in Area, % 46
45
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
76
Shear Strength, MPa 1080
450
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1790
710
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 1570
450

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
270
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 420
600
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1490
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1440
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 52
24
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.3
10
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.4
12

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.3
12
Density, g/cm3 7.8
8.0
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.0
3.0
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 28
44
Embodied Water, L/kg 51
100

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 230
140
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 64
25
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 42
22
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
6.4
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 53
19

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
0 to 0.020
Boron (B), % 0
0 to 0.0050
Carbon (C), % 0.48 to 0.53
0.070 to 0.14
Chromium (Cr), % 0.8 to 1.1
10 to 11.5
Copper (Cu), % 0
0.3 to 1.7
Iron (Fe), % 96.7 to 97.7
81.3 to 87.7
Manganese (Mn), % 0.7 to 0.9
0 to 0.7
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.25 to 0.6
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0 to 0.5
Niobium (Nb), % 0
0.040 to 0.1
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0.040 to 0.1
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.020
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 0.5
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.010
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0 to 0.010
Tungsten (W), % 0
1.5 to 2.5
Vanadium (V), % 0.15 to 0.3
0.15 to 0.3
Zirconium (Zr), % 0
0 to 0.010