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ASTM A182 Grade F122 (K91271) Steel

ASTM A182 grade F122 is an alloy steel formulated for primary forming into wrought products. Cited properties are appropriate for the normalized and tempered condition. F122 is the ASTM designation for this material. K91271 is the UNS number.

It has the lowest thermal conductivity among wrought alloy steels in the same category. In addition, it has a very high base cost and a very high electrical conductivity.

The graph bars on the material properties cards below compare ASTM A182 grade F122 to: wrought alloy steels in the same category (top), all iron alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness

220

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus

190 GPa 28 x 106 psi

Elongation at Break

23 %

Fatigue Strength

320 MPa 46 x 103 psi

Poisson's Ratio

0.28

Reduction in Area

45 %

Shear Modulus

76 GPa 11 x 106 psi

Shear Strength

450 MPa 65 x 103 psi

Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)

710 MPa 100 x 103 psi

Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof)

450 MPa 65 x 103 psi

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion

270 J/g

Maximum Temperature: Mechanical

600 °C 1110 °F

Melting Completion (Liquidus)

1490 °C 2710 °F

Melting Onset (Solidus)

1440 °C 2630 °F

Specific Heat Capacity

470 J/kg-K 0.11 BTU/lb-°F

Thermal Conductivity

24 W/m-K 14 BTU/h-ft-°F

Thermal Expansion

13 µm/m-K

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume

10 % IACS

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific)

12 % IACS

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price

12 % relative

Density

8.0 g/cm3 500 lb/ft3

Embodied Carbon

3.0 kg CO2/kg material

Embodied Energy

44 MJ/kg 19 x 103 BTU/lb

Embodied Water

100 L/kg 12 gal/lb

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance)

17

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work)

140 MJ/m3

Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience)

520 kJ/m3

Stiffness to Weight: Axial

14 points

Stiffness to Weight: Bending

24 points

Strength to Weight: Axial

25 points

Strength to Weight: Bending

22 points

Thermal Diffusivity

6.4 mm2/s

Thermal Shock Resistance

19 points

Alloy Composition

Among alloy steels, the composition of ASTM A182 grade F122 is notable for including tungsten (W) and zirconium (Zr). Tungsten interacts with other alloying elements to a greater extent than usual, which makes it hard to broadly characterize its effects. Zirconium is used to improve ductility.

Iron (Fe)Fe 81.3 to 87.7
Chromium (Cr)Cr 10 to 11.5
Tungsten (W)W 1.5 to 2.5
Copper (Cu)Cu 0.3 to 1.7
Molybdenum (Mo)Mo 0.25 to 0.6
Manganese (Mn)Mn 0 to 0.7
Silicon (Si)Si 0 to 0.5
Nickel (Ni)Ni 0 to 0.5
Vanadium (V)V 0.15 to 0.3
Carbon (C)C 0.070 to 0.14
Nitrogen (N)N 0.040 to 0.1
Niobium (Nb)Nb 0.040 to 0.1
Aluminum (Al)Al 0 to 0.020
Phosphorus (P)P 0 to 0.020
Sulfur (S)S 0 to 0.010
Titanium (Ti)Ti 0 to 0.010
Zirconium (Zr)Zr 0 to 0.010
Boron (B)B 0 to 0.0050

All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.

Followup Questions

Similar Alloys

Further Reading

ASTM A182: Standard Specification for Forged or Rolled Alloy and Stainless Steel Pipe Flanges, Forged Fittings, and Valves and Parts for High-Temperature Service