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ASTM A231 Spring Steel vs. EN 1.4374 Stainless Steel

Both ASTM A231 spring steel and EN 1.4374 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 68% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A231 spring steel and the bottom bar is EN 1.4374 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 540
230
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 14
40
Fatigue Strength, MPa 1000
340
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
77
Shear Strength, MPa 1080
550
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1790
800
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 1570
400

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
290
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 420
920
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1400
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1360
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 52
15
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
17

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.3
2.4
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.4
2.9

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.3
14
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.0
2.9
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 28
42
Embodied Water, L/kg 51
150

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 230
270
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 64
29
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 42
25
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
4.0
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 53
17

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.48 to 0.53
0.050 to 0.1
Chromium (Cr), % 0.8 to 1.1
17.5 to 18.5
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.4
Iron (Fe), % 96.7 to 97.7
63.5 to 67.9
Manganese (Mn), % 0.7 to 0.9
9.0 to 10
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0 to 0.5
Nickel (Ni), % 0
5.0 to 6.0
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0.25 to 0.32
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.035
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0.3 to 0.6
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.030
Vanadium (V), % 0.15 to 0.3
0