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ASTM A231 Spring Steel vs. EN 1.4821 Stainless Steel

Both ASTM A231 spring steel and EN 1.4821 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 70% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A231 spring steel and the bottom bar is EN 1.4821 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 540
200
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 14
18
Fatigue Strength, MPa 1000
280
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.27
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
79
Shear Strength, MPa 1080
450
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1790
730
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 1570
450

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
310
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 420
1100
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1410
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1370
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
490
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 52
17
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.3
1.9
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.4
2.3

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.3
15
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.6
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.0
2.9
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 28
41
Embodied Water, L/kg 51
160

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 230
110
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
15
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
26
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 64
26
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 42
23
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
4.6
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 53
21

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.48 to 0.53
0.1 to 0.2
Chromium (Cr), % 0.8 to 1.1
24.5 to 26.5
Iron (Fe), % 96.7 to 97.7
64.2 to 71.1
Manganese (Mn), % 0.7 to 0.9
0 to 2.0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
3.5 to 5.5
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0 to 0.1
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0.8 to 1.5
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.015
Vanadium (V), % 0.15 to 0.3
0