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EN 1.4821 (X15CrNiSi25-4) Stainless Steel

EN 1.4821 stainless steel is a duplex stainless steel formulated for primary forming into wrought products. Cited properties are appropriate for the solution annealed (AT) condition. 1.4821 is the EN numeric designation for this material. X15CrNiSi25-4 is the EN chemical designation.

It has a very high thermal conductivity among wrought duplex stainless steels. In addition, it has a fairly low electrical conductivity and a fairly low ductility.

The graph bars on the material properties cards below compare EN 1.4821 stainless steel to: wrought duplex stainless steels (top), all iron alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness

200

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus

200 GPa 29 x 106 psi

Elongation at Break

18 %

Fatigue Strength

280 MPa 40 x 103 psi

Poisson's Ratio

0.27

Shear Modulus

79 GPa 11 x 106 psi

Shear Strength

450 MPa 65 x 103 psi

Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)

730 MPa 110 x 103 psi

Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof)

450 MPa 65 x 103 psi

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion

310 J/g

Maximum Temperature: Corrosion

450 °C 830 °F

Maximum Temperature: Mechanical

1100 °C 2010 °F

Melting Completion (Liquidus)

1410 °C 2570 °F

Melting Onset (Solidus)

1370 °C 2490 °F

Specific Heat Capacity

490 J/kg-K 0.12 BTU/lb-°F

Thermal Conductivity

17 W/m-K 9.8 BTU/h-ft-°F

Thermal Expansion

12 µm/m-K

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume

1.9 % IACS

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific)

2.3 % IACS

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price

15 % relative

Density

7.6 g/cm3 480 lb/ft3

Embodied Carbon

2.9 kg CO2/kg material

Embodied Energy

41 MJ/kg 18 x 103 BTU/lb

Embodied Water

160 L/kg 20 gal/lb

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance)

26

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work)

110 MJ/m3

Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience)

500 kJ/m3

Stiffness to Weight: Axial

15 points

Stiffness to Weight: Bending

26 points

Strength to Weight: Axial

26 points

Strength to Weight: Bending

23 points

Thermal Diffusivity

4.6 mm2/s

Thermal Shock Resistance

21 points

Alloy Composition

Among wrought stainless steels, the composition of EN 1.4821 stainless steel is notable for containing comparatively high amounts of chromium (Cr) and silicon (Si). Chromium is the defining alloying element of stainless steel. Higher chromium content imparts additional corrosion resistance. Silicon content is typically governed by metallurgical processing concerns, but it can also be added for the purpose of improving oxidation resistance.

Iron (Fe)Fe 64.2 to 71.1
Chromium (Cr)Cr 24.5 to 26.5
Nickel (Ni)Ni 3.5 to 5.5
Silicon (Si)Si 0.8 to 1.5
Manganese (Mn)Mn 0 to 2.0
Carbon (C)C 0.1 to 0.2
Nitrogen (N)N 0 to 0.1
Phosphorus (P)P 0 to 0.040
Sulfur (S)S 0 to 0.015

All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.

Followup Questions

Similar Alloys

Further Reading

EN 10095: Heat resisting steels and nickel alloys

Duplex Stainless Steels, Iris Alvarez-Armas and Suzanne Degallaix-Moreuil (editors), 2009

Duplex Stainless Steels: Microstructure, Properties and Applications, Robert N. Gunn (editor), 1997

Welding Metallurgy and Weldability of Stainless Steels, John C. Lippold and Damian J. Kotecki, 2005

EN 10088-1: Stainless steels - Part 1: List of stainless steels

Corrosion of Stainless Steels, A. John Sedriks, 1996

Advances in Stainless Steels, Baldev Raj et al. (editors), 2010