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ASTM A232 Spring Steel vs. EN 1.4021 Stainless Steel

Both ASTM A232 spring steel and EN 1.4021 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 88% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A232 spring steel and the bottom bar is EN 1.4021 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 14
11 to 17
Fatigue Strength, MPa 1040
240 to 380
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
76
Shear Strength, MPa 1090
390 to 530
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1790
630 to 880
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 1610
390 to 670

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
270
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 420
760
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1440
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1400
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 52
30
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
11

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.3
2.9
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.4
3.3

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.3
7.0
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.0
1.9
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 28
27
Embodied Water, L/kg 51
100

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 250
88 to 110
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 64
23 to 31
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 42
21 to 26
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
8.1
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 53
22 to 31

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.48 to 0.53
0.16 to 0.25
Chromium (Cr), % 0.8 to 1.1
12 to 14
Iron (Fe), % 96.8 to 97.7
83.2 to 87.8
Manganese (Mn), % 0.7 to 0.9
0 to 1.5
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.020
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.035
0 to 0.015
Vanadium (V), % 0.15 to 0.3
0