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ASTM A232 Spring Steel vs. EN 1.4981 Stainless Steel

Both ASTM A232 spring steel and EN 1.4981 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 65% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A232 spring steel and the bottom bar is EN 1.4981 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 540
190
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 14
39
Fatigue Strength, MPa 1040
210
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
77
Shear Strength, MPa 1090
420
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1790
610
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 1610
240

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
290
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 420
940
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1440
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1400
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 52
16
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
16

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.3
2.2
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.4
2.5

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.3
25
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.0
4.8
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 28
67
Embodied Water, L/kg 51
150

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 250
190
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 64
21
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 42
20
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
4.3
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 53
14

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.48 to 0.53
0.040 to 0.1
Chromium (Cr), % 0.8 to 1.1
15.5 to 17.5
Iron (Fe), % 96.8 to 97.7
59.6 to 66.7
Manganese (Mn), % 0.7 to 0.9
0 to 1.5
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
1.6 to 2.0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
15.5 to 17.5
Niobium (Nb), % 0
0.4 to 1.2
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.020
0 to 0.035
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0.3 to 0.6
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.035
0 to 0.015
Vanadium (V), % 0.15 to 0.3
0