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ASTM A266 Carbon Steel vs. Grade 23 Titanium

ASTM A266 carbon steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while grade 23 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A266 carbon steel and the bottom bar is grade 23 titanium.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
110
Elongation at Break, % 21 to 26
6.7 to 11
Fatigue Strength, MPa 170 to 200
470 to 500
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.32
Reduction in Area, % 34 to 43
30
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
40
Shear Strength, MPa 320 to 380
540 to 570
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 500 to 600
930 to 940
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 230 to 290
850 to 870

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
410
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
340
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1610
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1560
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
560
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 51 to 52
7.1
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
9.4

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.1
1.0
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.1 to 8.2
2.0

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
36
Density, g/cm3 7.8
4.4
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
38
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 18 to 19
610
Embodied Water, L/kg 46 to 47
200

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 110
61 to 100
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 140 to 230
3430 to 3560
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
35
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 18 to 21
58 to 59
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 18 to 20
48
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
2.9
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 16 to 19
67 to 68