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ASTM A285 Carbon Steel vs. Grade 21 Titanium

ASTM A285 carbon steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while grade 21 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys. There are 28 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A285 carbon steel and the bottom bar is grade 21 titanium.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
140
Elongation at Break, % 30 to 34
9.0 to 17
Fatigue Strength, MPa 150 to 180
550 to 660
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.32
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
51
Shear Strength, MPa 250 to 290
550 to 790
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 380 to 450
890 to 1340
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 190 to 230
870 to 1170

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
410
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
310
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1470
1740
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420 to 1430
1690
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
500
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 53
7.5
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
7.1

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
60
Density, g/cm3 7.9
5.4
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
32
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 18
490
Embodied Water, L/kg 46
180

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 110
110 to 180
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 94 to 150
2760 to 5010
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
32
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 13 to 16
46 to 69
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 15 to 17
38 to 50
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
2.8
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 12 to 14
66 to 100

Comparable Variants