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ASTM A321 Carbon Steel vs. EN 1.8523 Steel

Both ASTM A321 carbon steel and EN 1.8523 steel are iron alloys. Both are furnished in the quenched and tempered condition. They have a very high 96% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A321 carbon steel and the bottom bar is EN 1.8523 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 190
300
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 21
15
Fatigue Strength, MPa 270
530
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
74
Shear Strength, MPa 420
610
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 670
1000
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 390
800

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
260
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
480
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 51
39
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.1
7.8
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.1
9.0

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
4.2
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
2.2
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 18
31
Embodied Water, L/kg 46
64

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 120
140
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 400
1700
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 24
36
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 22
28
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
10
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 21
29

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.55
0.35 to 0.45
Chromium (Cr), % 0
3.0 to 3.5
Iron (Fe), % 98.1 to 99.25
93.5 to 95.7
Manganese (Mn), % 0.6 to 0.9
0.4 to 0.7
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.8 to 1.1
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.035
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 0.4
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.050
0 to 0.035
Vanadium (V), % 0
0.15 to 0.25