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ASTM A321 Carbon Steel vs. EN 2.4668 Nickel

ASTM A321 carbon steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while EN 2.4668 nickel belongs to the nickel alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A321 carbon steel and the bottom bar is EN 2.4668 nickel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 21
14
Fatigue Strength, MPa 270
590
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
75
Shear Strength, MPa 420
840
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 670
1390
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 390
1160

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
310
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
980
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
450
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 51
13
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.1
1.4
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.1
1.5

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
75
Density, g/cm3 7.8
8.3
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
13
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 18
190
Embodied Water, L/kg 46
250

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 120
180
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 400
3490
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
23
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 24
46
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 22
33
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
3.5
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 21
40

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
0.3 to 0.7
Boron (B), % 0
0.0020 to 0.0060
Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.55
0.020 to 0.080
Chromium (Cr), % 0
17 to 21
Cobalt (Co), % 0
0 to 1.0
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.3
Iron (Fe), % 98.1 to 99.25
11.2 to 24.6
Manganese (Mn), % 0.6 to 0.9
0 to 0.35
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
2.8 to 3.3
Nickel (Ni), % 0
50 to 55
Niobium (Nb), % 0
4.7 to 5.5
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.015
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.050
0 to 0.015
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0.6 to 1.2