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ASTM A321 Carbon Steel vs. Grade VDSiCrV Steel

Both ASTM A321 carbon steel and grade VDSiCrV steel are iron alloys. They have a very high 98% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 26 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (6, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A321 carbon steel and the bottom bar is grade VDSiCrV steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 190
630
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Reduction in Area, % 39
48
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
80
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 670
2100

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
270
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
420
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1440
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1400
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 51
47
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.1
7.4
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.1
8.6

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
2.3
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
1.9
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 18
26
Embodied Water, L/kg 46
50

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 24
75
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 22
47
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
13
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 21
63

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.55
0.5 to 0.7
Chromium (Cr), % 0
0.5 to 1.0
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.060
Iron (Fe), % 98.1 to 99.25
96.1 to 97.8
Manganese (Mn), % 0.6 to 0.9
0.4 to 0.9
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.020
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
1.2 to 1.7
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.050
0 to 0.020
Vanadium (V), % 0
0.1 to 0.25