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ASTM A356 Grade 10 vs. ASTM A356 Grade 9

Both ASTM A356 grade 10 and ASTM A356 grade 9 are iron alloys. Both are furnished in the heat treated (HT) condition. They have a very high 99% of their average alloy composition in common.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A356 grade 10 and the bottom bar is ASTM A356 grade 9.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 200
200
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 23
17
Fatigue Strength, MPa 300
310
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Reduction in Area, % 39
50
Shear Modulus, GPa 74
73
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 670
670
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 430
460

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 260
260
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 460
440
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1470
1470
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1430
1430
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 39
41
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.6
7.5
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.8
8.6

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 3.9
3.6
Density, g/cm3 7.9
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.8
2.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 23
33
Embodied Water, L/kg 59
56

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 5.9
4.7
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 130
100
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 480
570
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 22
22
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 11
11
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 19
19

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.2
0 to 0.2
Chromium (Cr), % 2.0 to 2.8
1.0 to 1.5
Iron (Fe), % 94.4 to 96.6
95.2 to 97.2
Manganese (Mn), % 0.5 to 0.8
0.5 to 0.9
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.9 to 1.2
0.9 to 1.2
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.035
0 to 0.035
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.6
0.2 to 0.6
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.030
Vanadium (V), % 0
0.2 to 0.35