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ASTM A356 Grade 2 vs. ASTM A372 Grade A Steel

Both ASTM A356 grade 2 and ASTM A372 grade A steel are iron alloys. Their average alloy composition is basically identical. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A356 grade 2 and the bottom bar is ASTM A372 grade A steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 150
140
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 25
22
Fatigue Strength, MPa 200
190
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
73
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 510
500
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 270
270

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 410
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1470
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1430
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 51
52
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.1
7.1
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.2
8.1

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.4
1.8
Density, g/cm3 7.9
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.5
1.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 20
18
Embodied Water, L/kg 47
45

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 110
95
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 190
200
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 18
18
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 18
18
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 15
16

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.25
0 to 0.3
Iron (Fe), % 97.7 to 99.55
98.3 to 99.85
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.7
0 to 1.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.45 to 0.65
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.035
0 to 0.015
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.6
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.010