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ASTM A356 Grade 2 vs. ASTM A372 Grade K Steel

Both ASTM A356 grade 2 and ASTM A372 grade K steel are iron alloys. They have a very high 96% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A356 grade 2 and the bottom bar is ASTM A372 grade K steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 150
230
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 25
23
Fatigue Strength, MPa 200
440
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
73
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 510
780
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 270
620

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 410
440
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1470
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1430
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 51
48
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.1
7.8
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.2
8.9

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.4
4.4
Density, g/cm3 7.9
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.5
1.8
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 20
24
Embodied Water, L/kg 47
57

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 110
160
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 190
1010
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 18
27
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 18
24
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
13
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 15
23

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.25
0 to 0.18
Chromium (Cr), % 0
1.0 to 1.8
Iron (Fe), % 97.7 to 99.55
93.4 to 96.6
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.7
0.1 to 0.4
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.45 to 0.65
0.2 to 0.6
Nickel (Ni), % 0
2.0 to 3.3
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.035
0 to 0.015
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.6
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.010