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ASTM A356 Grade 2 vs. SAE-AISI 1040 Steel

Both ASTM A356 grade 2 and SAE-AISI 1040 steel are iron alloys. Their average alloy composition is basically identical. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (1, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A356 grade 2 and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 1040 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 150
160 to 180
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 25
13 to 20
Fatigue Strength, MPa 200
220 to 340
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Reduction in Area, % 39
40 to 45
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
73
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 510
570 to 640
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 270
320 to 530

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 410
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1470
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1430
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 51
51
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.1
7.0
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.2
8.0

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.4
1.8
Density, g/cm3 7.9
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.5
1.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 20
18
Embodied Water, L/kg 47
46

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 110
79 to 96
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 190
270 to 760
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 18
20 to 23
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 18
19 to 21
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 15
18 to 20

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.25
0.37 to 0.44
Iron (Fe), % 97.7 to 99.55
98.6 to 99.03
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.7
0.6 to 0.9
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.45 to 0.65
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.035
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.6
0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.050