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ASTM A356 Grade 2 vs. SAE-AISI 4140 Steel

Both ASTM A356 grade 2 and SAE-AISI 4140 steel are iron alloys. They have a very high 98% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A356 grade 2 and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 4140 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 150
200 to 310
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 25
11 to 26
Fatigue Strength, MPa 200
360 to 650
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
73
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 510
690 to 1080
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 270
590 to 990

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 410
420
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1470
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1430
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 51
43
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.1
7.3
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.2
8.4

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.4
2.4
Density, g/cm3 7.9
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.5
1.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 20
20
Embodied Water, L/kg 47
51

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 110
74 to 180
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 190
920 to 2590
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 18
25 to 38
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 18
22 to 30
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
12
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 15
20 to 32

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.25
0.38 to 0.43
Chromium (Cr), % 0
0.8 to 1.1
Iron (Fe), % 97.7 to 99.55
96.8 to 97.8
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.7
0.75 to 1.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.45 to 0.65
0.15 to 0.25
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.035
0 to 0.035
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.6
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.040