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ASTM A356 Grade 8 vs. Grade VDCrV Steel

Both ASTM A356 grade 8 and grade VDCrV steel are iron alloys. They have a very high 98% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 26 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (6, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A356 grade 8 and the bottom bar is grade VDCrV steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 190
520
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Reduction in Area, % 50
51
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
80
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 630
1730

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 260
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 440
410
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1470
1450
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1430
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 38
49
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.5
7.1
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.6
8.2

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 3.5
2.1
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.0
1.9
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 26
26
Embodied Water, L/kg 55
49

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 22
61
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 21
41
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 10
13
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 18
51

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.2
0.62 to 0.72
Chromium (Cr), % 1.0 to 1.5
0.4 to 0.6
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.060
Iron (Fe), % 95.4 to 97.4
97.8 to 98.8
Manganese (Mn), % 0.5 to 0.9
0.5 to 0.9
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.9 to 1.2
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.035
0 to 0.025
Silicon (Si), % 0.2 to 0.6
0.15 to 0.3
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.020
Vanadium (V), % 0.050 to 0.15
0.15 to 0.25