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ASTM A356 Grade 9 vs. ASTM A356 Grade 6

Both ASTM A356 grade 9 and ASTM A356 grade 6 are iron alloys. Both are furnished in the heat treated (HT) condition. Their average alloy composition is basically identical.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A356 grade 9 and the bottom bar is ASTM A356 grade 6.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 200
170
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 17
25
Fatigue Strength, MPa 310
250
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Reduction in Area, % 50
39
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
73
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 670
550
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 460
350

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 260
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 440
430
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1470
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1430
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 41
41
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.5
7.4
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.6
8.4

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 3.6
2.9
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.4
1.6
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 33
21
Embodied Water, L/kg 56
53

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 4.7
3.1
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 100
120
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 570
320
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 24
20
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 22
19
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 11
11
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 19
16

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.2
0 to 0.2
Chromium (Cr), % 1.0 to 1.5
1.0 to 1.5
Iron (Fe), % 95.2 to 97.2
96.2 to 98.1
Manganese (Mn), % 0.5 to 0.9
0.5 to 0.8
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.9 to 1.2
0.45 to 0.65
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.035
0 to 0.035
Silicon (Si), % 0.2 to 0.6
0 to 0.6
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.030
Vanadium (V), % 0.2 to 0.35
0