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ASTM A356 Grade 9 vs. SAE-AISI M4 Steel

Both ASTM A356 grade 9 and SAE-AISI M4 steel are iron alloys. They have 82% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 22 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (10, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A356 grade 9 and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI M4 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
76
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 670
770 to 2150

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 260
260
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1470
1610
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1430
1560
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
440
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 41
25
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
12

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 3.6
25
Density, g/cm3 7.8
8.3
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.4
14
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 33
210
Embodied Water, L/kg 56
110

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 4.7
30
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
23
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 24
26 to 72
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 22
23 to 45
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 11
6.9
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 19
24 to 68

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.2
1.3 to 1.4
Chromium (Cr), % 1.0 to 1.5
3.8 to 4.8
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.25
Iron (Fe), % 95.2 to 97.2
75.9 to 81.4
Manganese (Mn), % 0.5 to 0.9
0.15 to 0.4
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.9 to 1.2
4.3 to 5.5
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0 to 0.3
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.035
0 to 0.030
Silicon (Si), % 0.2 to 0.6
0.2 to 0.45
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.030
Tungsten (W), % 0
5.3 to 6.5
Vanadium (V), % 0.2 to 0.35
3.8 to 4.5