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ASTM A356 Grade 9 vs. S21904 Stainless Steel

Both ASTM A356 grade 9 and S21904 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 66% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A356 grade 9 and the bottom bar is S21904 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 200
210 to 300
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 17
17 to 51
Fatigue Strength, MPa 310
380 to 550
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
78
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 670
700 to 1000
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 460
390 to 910

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 260
290
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 440
980
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1470
1400
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1430
1350
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 41
14
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
17

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.5
2.5
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.6
2.9

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 3.6
15
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.4
3.0
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 33
43
Embodied Water, L/kg 56
160

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 4.7
25
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 100
160 to 310
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 570
380 to 2070
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 24
25 to 36
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 22
23 to 29
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 11
3.8
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 19
15 to 21

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.2
0 to 0.040
Chromium (Cr), % 1.0 to 1.5
19 to 21.5
Iron (Fe), % 95.2 to 97.2
59.5 to 67.4
Manganese (Mn), % 0.5 to 0.9
8.0 to 10
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.9 to 1.2
0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
5.5 to 7.5
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0.15 to 0.4
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.035
0 to 0.045
Silicon (Si), % 0.2 to 0.6
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.030
Vanadium (V), % 0.2 to 0.35
0