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ASTM A36 Carbon Steel vs. ASTM Grade HK Steel

Both ASTM A36 carbon steel and ASTM grade HK steel are iron alloys. Both are furnished in the as-fabricated (no temper or treatment) condition. They have 52% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A36 carbon steel and the bottom bar is ASTM grade HK steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 140
150
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 22
11
Fatigue Strength, MPa 200
150
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.27
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
79
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 480
500
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 290
270

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
310
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
1100
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1400
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1350
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 50
15
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 11
17

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 12
2.0
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 14
2.3

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
25
Density, g/cm3 7.9
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
4.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 18
63
Embodied Water, L/kg 44
200

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 92
48
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 220
190
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 17
18
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 17
18
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
3.9
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 16
11

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.26
0.2 to 0.6
Chromium (Cr), % 0
24 to 28
Iron (Fe), % 99.25 to 100
44.8 to 57.8
Manganese (Mn), % 0
0 to 2.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0 to 0.5
Nickel (Ni), % 0
18 to 22
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.4
0 to 2.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.050
0 to 0.040