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ASTM A372 Grade C Steel vs. EN 2.4816 Nickel

ASTM A372 grade C steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while EN 2.4816 nickel belongs to the nickel alloys.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A372 grade C steel and the bottom bar is EN 2.4816 nickel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 210
170
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 17
34
Fatigue Strength, MPa 290
200
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
74
Shear Strength, MPa 440
470
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 710
700
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 430
270

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
310
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
1150
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1370
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1320
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
460
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 51
15
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.2
1.7
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.2
1.8

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
55
Density, g/cm3 7.8
8.5
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
9.0
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 19
130
Embodied Water, L/kg 46
260

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 100
190
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 500
190
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
23
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 25
23
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 23
21
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
3.8
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 22
20

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
0 to 0.3
Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.48
0.050 to 0.1
Chromium (Cr), % 0
14 to 17
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.5
Iron (Fe), % 97.5 to 99.85
6.0 to 10
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 1.7
0 to 1.0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
72 to 80
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.015
0 to 0.020
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 0.5
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.010
0 to 0.015
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0 to 0.3