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ASTM A372 Grade C Steel vs. Type 1 Niobium

ASTM A372 grade C steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while Type 1 niobium belongs to the otherwise unclassified metals. There are 21 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (10, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A372 grade C steel and the bottom bar is Type 1 niobium.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 210
79
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
110
Elongation at Break, % 17
29
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.4
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
38
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 710
140
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 430
82

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
320
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
270
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 51
52
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
7.3

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Density, g/cm3 7.8
8.6
Embodied Water, L/kg 46
160

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 100
35
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 500
32
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
6.8
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
18
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 25
4.6
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 23
7.1
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
23
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 22
13

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.48
0 to 0.010
Hafnium (Hf), % 0
0 to 0.020
Hydrogen (H), % 0
0 to 0.0015
Iron (Fe), % 97.5 to 99.85
0 to 0.0050
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 1.7
0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0 to 0.010
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0 to 0.0050
Niobium (Nb), % 0
99.7 to 100
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0 to 0.010
Oxygen (O), % 0
0 to 0.015
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.015
0
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 0.0050
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.010
0
Tantalum (Ta), % 0
0 to 0.1
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0 to 0.020
Tungsten (W), % 0
0 to 0.030
Zirconium (Zr), % 0
0 to 0.020