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ASTM A372 Grade D Steel vs. SAE-AISI 4150 Steel

Both ASTM A372 grade D steel and SAE-AISI 4150 steel are iron alloys. They have a very high 99% of their average alloy composition in common.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A372 grade D steel and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 4150 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 250
200 to 380
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 17
12 to 20
Fatigue Strength, MPa 340
260 to 780
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
73
Shear Strength, MPa 500
410 to 800
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 810
660 to 1310
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 510
380 to 1220

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
420
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 51
42
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.2
7.3
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.3
8.4

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.1
2.4
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.5
1.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 20
20
Embodied Water, L/kg 48
51

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 120
82 to 180
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 700
380 to 3930
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 29
24 to 47
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 25
22 to 34
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
11
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 26
19 to 39

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.4 to 0.5
0.48 to 0.53
Chromium (Cr), % 0
0.8 to 1.1
Iron (Fe), % 97.1 to 97.9
96.7 to 97.7
Manganese (Mn), % 1.4 to 1.8
0.75 to 1.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.17 to 0.27
0.15 to 0.25
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.015
0 to 0.035
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.010
0 to 0.040