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ASTM A372 Grade J Steel vs. 1050A Aluminum

ASTM A372 grade J steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while 1050A aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A372 grade J steel and the bottom bar is 1050A aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 200 to 310
20 to 45
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
68
Elongation at Break, % 17 to 22
1.1 to 33
Fatigue Strength, MPa 310 to 570
22 to 55
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
26
Shear Strength, MPa 410 to 630
44 to 97
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 650 to 1020
68 to 170
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 430 to 850
22 to 150

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
400
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 420
170
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
660
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
650
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
900
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 44
230
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
24

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.3
59
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.4
200

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.4
9.0
Density, g/cm3 7.8
2.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.5
8.2
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 20
150
Embodied Water, L/kg 51
1200

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 130 to 170
1.9 to 19
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 500 to 1930
3.7 to 160
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
50
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 23 to 36
6.9 to 18
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 21 to 29
14 to 25
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 12
94
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 19 to 30
3.0 to 7.6

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
99.5 to 100
Carbon (C), % 0.35 to 0.5
0
Chromium (Cr), % 0.8 to 1.2
0
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.050
Iron (Fe), % 96.7 to 97.8
0 to 0.4
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
0 to 0.050
Manganese (Mn), % 0.75 to 1.1
0 to 0.050
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.15 to 0.25
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.015
0
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 0.25
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.010
0
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0 to 0.050
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0 to 0.070

Comparable Variants