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ASTM A372 Grade K Steel vs. ASTM Grade HE Steel

Both ASTM A372 grade K steel and ASTM grade HE steel are iron alloys. They have 65% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A372 grade K steel and the bottom bar is ASTM grade HE steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 230
190
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 23
10
Fatigue Strength, MPa 440
160
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.27
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
79
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 780
670
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 620
310

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
310
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 440
1100
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1400
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1360
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
490
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 48
14
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
17

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.8
2.1
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.9
2.5

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 4.4
19
Density, g/cm3 7.9
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.8
3.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 24
50
Embodied Water, L/kg 57
190

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 2.7
29
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 160
56
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 1010
240
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
15
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 27
24
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 24
22
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 13
3.6
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 23
14

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.18
0.2 to 0.5
Chromium (Cr), % 1.0 to 1.8
26 to 30
Iron (Fe), % 93.4 to 96.6
53.9 to 65.8
Manganese (Mn), % 0.1 to 0.4
0 to 2.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.2 to 0.6
0 to 0.5
Nickel (Ni), % 2.0 to 3.3
8.0 to 11
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.015
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 2.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.010
0 to 0.040