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ASTM A372 Grade K Steel vs. ASTM Grade HL Steel

Both ASTM A372 grade K steel and ASTM grade HL steel are iron alloys. They have 52% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 27 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (6, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A372 grade K steel and the bottom bar is ASTM grade HL steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 230
150
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 23
11
Fatigue Strength, MPa 440
150
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.27
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
80
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 780
500
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 620
270

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
320
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 440
1100
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1390
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1340
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
490
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
17

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 4.4
27
Density, g/cm3 7.9
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.8
4.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 24
65
Embodied Water, L/kg 57
210

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 2.7
31
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 160
48
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 1010
180
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 27
18
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 24
18
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 23
11

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.18
0.2 to 0.6
Chromium (Cr), % 1.0 to 1.8
28 to 32
Iron (Fe), % 93.4 to 96.6
40.8 to 53.8
Manganese (Mn), % 0.1 to 0.4
0 to 2.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.2 to 0.6
0 to 0.5
Nickel (Ni), % 2.0 to 3.3
18 to 22
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.015
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 2.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.010
0 to 0.040