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ASTM A372 Grade L Steel vs. ASTM A372 Grade C Steel

Both ASTM A372 grade L steel and ASTM A372 grade C steel are iron alloys. They have a very high 97% of their average alloy composition in common.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A372 grade L steel and the bottom bar is ASTM A372 grade C steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 350
210
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 14
17
Fatigue Strength, MPa 670
290
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
73
Shear Strength, MPa 700
440
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1160
710
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 1040
430

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 430
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 44
51
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.5
7.2
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.6
8.2

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 3.5
1.8
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.7
1.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 22
19
Embodied Water, L/kg 54
46

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 150
100
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 2890
500
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 41
25
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 31
23
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 12
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 34
22

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.38 to 0.43
0 to 0.48
Chromium (Cr), % 0.7 to 0.9
0
Iron (Fe), % 95.2 to 96.3
97.5 to 99.85
Manganese (Mn), % 0.6 to 0.8
0 to 1.7
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.2 to 0.3
0
Nickel (Ni), % 1.7 to 2.0
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.015
0 to 0.015
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.010
0 to 0.010