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ASTM A387 Grade 2 Steel vs. ASTM A356 Grade 2

Both ASTM A387 grade 2 steel and ASTM A356 grade 2 are iron alloys. Their average alloy composition is basically identical. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A387 grade 2 steel and the bottom bar is ASTM A356 grade 2.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 140 to 170
150
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 25
25
Fatigue Strength, MPa 190 to 250
200
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
73
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 470 to 550
510
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 260 to 350
270

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 420
410
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1470
1470
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1430
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 45
51
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.2
7.1
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.3
8.2

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.6
2.4
Density, g/cm3 7.9
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.6
1.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 20
20
Embodied Water, L/kg 50
47

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 98 to 120
110
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 180 to 320
190
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 16 to 20
18
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 17 to 19
18
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 12
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 14 to 16
15

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.050 to 0.21
0 to 0.25
Chromium (Cr), % 0.5 to 0.8
0
Iron (Fe), % 97.1 to 98.3
97.7 to 99.55
Manganese (Mn), % 0.55 to 0.8
0 to 0.7
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.45 to 0.6
0.45 to 0.65
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.025
0 to 0.035
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.4
0 to 0.6
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.025
0 to 0.030