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ASTM A387 Grade 21 Steel vs. ASTM Grade HD Steel

Both ASTM A387 grade 21 steel and ASTM grade HD steel are iron alloys. They have 68% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A387 grade 21 steel and the bottom bar is ASTM grade HD steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 21
9.1
Fatigue Strength, MPa 160 to 250
140
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.27
Shear Modulus, GPa 74
80
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 500 to 590
590
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 230 to 350
270

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 260
310
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 480
1100
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1470
1410
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1430
1370
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
490
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 41
16
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
11

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.6
2.1
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.8
2.5

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 4.1
17
Density, g/cm3 7.9
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.8
3.1
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 23
45
Embodied Water, L/kg 62
180

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 6.4
29
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 84 to 110
44
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 140 to 320
180
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
15
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
26
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 18 to 21
21
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 18 to 20
20
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 11
4.3
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 14 to 17
19

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.050 to 0.15
0 to 0.5
Chromium (Cr), % 2.8 to 3.3
26 to 30
Iron (Fe), % 94.4 to 96
58.4 to 70
Manganese (Mn), % 0.3 to 0.6
0 to 1.5
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.9 to 1.1
0 to 0.5
Nickel (Ni), % 0
4.0 to 7.0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.025
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.5
0 to 2.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.025
0 to 0.040