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ASTM A387 Grade 21 Steel vs. AWS E409Nb

Both ASTM A387 grade 21 steel and AWS E409Nb are iron alloys. They have 89% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 28 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A387 grade 21 steel and the bottom bar is AWS E409Nb.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 21
23
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 74
76
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 500 to 590
500
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 230 to 350
380

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 260
280
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1470
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1430
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 41
25
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
14

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.6
2.9
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.8
3.3

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 4.1
13
Density, g/cm3 7.9
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.8
2.9
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 23
42
Embodied Water, L/kg 62
100

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 6.4
14
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 84 to 110
110
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 140 to 320
380
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 18 to 21
18
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 18 to 20
18
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 11
6.8
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 14 to 17
14

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.050 to 0.15
0 to 0.12
Chromium (Cr), % 2.8 to 3.3
11 to 14
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.75
Iron (Fe), % 94.4 to 96
80.2 to 88.5
Manganese (Mn), % 0.3 to 0.6
0 to 1.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.9 to 1.1
0 to 0.75
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0 to 0.6
Niobium (Nb), % 0
0.5 to 1.5
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.025
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.5
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.025
0 to 0.030