AWS E409Nb (W40910) Weld Metal
AWS E409Nb is a weld metal formulated for joining stainless steels. Cited properties are appropriate for the post-weld heat treated (PWHT) condition. E409Nb is the AWS designation for this material. W40910 is the UNS number. Additionally, the ISO numeric designation is ES409Nb.
It has a very low tensile strength among stainless steel welding fillers. In addition, it has a moderately high electrical conductivity and a fairly high thermal conductivity.
The graph bars on the material properties cards below compare AWS E409Nb to: stainless steel welding fillers (top), all iron alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.
Mechanical Properties
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus
190 GPa 28 x 106 psi
Elongation at Break
23 %
Poisson's Ratio
0.28
Shear Modulus
76 GPa 11 x 106 psi
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)
500 MPa 73 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof)
380 MPa 55 x 103 psi
Thermal Properties
Latent Heat of Fusion
280 J/g
Melting Completion (Liquidus)
1460 °C 2650 °F
Melting Onset (Solidus)
1410 °C 2570 °F
Specific Heat Capacity
480 J/kg-K 0.11 BTU/lb-°F
Thermal Conductivity
25 W/m-K 14 BTU/h-ft-°F
Thermal Expansion
14 µm/m-K
Electrical Properties
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume
2.9 % IACS
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific)
3.3 % IACS
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
Base Metal Price
13 % relative
Density
7.8 g/cm3 480 lb/ft3
Embodied Carbon
2.9 kg CO2/kg material
Embodied Energy
42 MJ/kg 18 x 103 BTU/lb
Embodied Water
100 L/kg 12 gal/lb
Common Calculations
PREN (Pitting Resistance)
14
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work)
110 MJ/m3
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience)
380 kJ/m3
Stiffness to Weight: Axial
14 points
Stiffness to Weight: Bending
25 points
Strength to Weight: Axial
18 points
Strength to Weight: Bending
18 points
Thermal Diffusivity
6.8 mm2/s
Thermal Shock Resistance
14 points
Alloy Composition
| Fe | 80.2 to 88.5 | |
| Cr | 11 to 14 | |
| Nb | 0.5 to 1.5 | |
| Mn | 0 to 1.0 | |
| Si | 0 to 1.0 | |
| Mo | 0 to 0.75 | |
| Cu | 0 to 0.75 | |
| Ni | 0 to 0.6 | |
| C | 0 to 0.12 | |
| P | 0 to 0.040 | |
| S | 0 to 0.030 |
All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.
Followup Questions
Similar Alloys
Further Reading
AWS A5.4: Specification for Stainless Steel Electrodes for Shielded Metal Arc Welding
Welding Metallurgy and Weldability of Stainless Steels, John C. Lippold and Damian J. Kotecki, 2005
Welding Metallurgy of Stainless Steels, Erich Folkhard et al., 2012