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ASTM A387 Grade 21 Steel vs. Monel 400

ASTM A387 grade 21 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while Monel 400 belongs to the nickel alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A387 grade 21 steel and the bottom bar is Monel 400.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
160
Elongation at Break, % 21
20 to 40
Fatigue Strength, MPa 160 to 250
230 to 290
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.32
Shear Modulus, GPa 74
62
Shear Strength, MPa 310 to 370
370 to 490
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 500 to 590
540 to 780
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 230 to 350
210 to 590

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 260
270
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 480
1000
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1470
1350
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1430
1300
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
430
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 41
23
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
14

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.6
3.3
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.8
3.4

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 4.1
50
Density, g/cm3 7.9
8.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.8
7.9
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 23
110
Embodied Water, L/kg 62
250

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 84 to 110
140 to 180
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 140 to 320
140 to 1080
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
10
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
21
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 18 to 21
17 to 25
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 18 to 20
17 to 21
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 11
6.1
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 14 to 17
17 to 25

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.050 to 0.15
0 to 0.3
Chromium (Cr), % 2.8 to 3.3
0
Copper (Cu), % 0
28 to 34
Iron (Fe), % 94.4 to 96
0 to 2.5
Manganese (Mn), % 0.3 to 0.6
0 to 2.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.9 to 1.1
0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
63 to 72
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.025
0
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.5
0 to 0.5
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.025
0 to 0.024

Comparable Variants