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ASTM A414 Steel vs. C94400 Bronze

ASTM A414 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while C94400 bronze belongs to the copper alloys. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A414 steel and the bottom bar is C94400 bronze.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 110 to 180
55
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
100
Elongation at Break, % 15 to 26
18
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.35
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
37
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 360 to 590
220
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 190 to 350
110

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
180
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
150
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
940
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
790
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
350
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 49 to 50
52
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
19

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.2 to 7.3
10
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.3 to 8.4
9.9

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.2
32
Density, g/cm3 7.8 to 7.9
9.1
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.5 to 1.6
3.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 20 to 22
54
Embodied Water, L/kg 48
390

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 69 to 130
33
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 100 to 330
60
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
6.1
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
17
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 13 to 21
6.8
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 14 to 20
9.0
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 13
17
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 11 to 17
8.3