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ASTM A514 Steel vs. EN AC-21000 Aluminum

ASTM A514 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while EN AC-21000 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (1, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A514 steel and the bottom bar is EN AC-21000 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 240 to 250
100
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
71
Elongation at Break, % 18 to 21
6.7
Fatigue Strength, MPa 470 to 540
100
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
27
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 790 to 830
340
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 690 to 770
240

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250 to 260
390
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400 to 440
170
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
670
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
550
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
880
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 37 to 51
130
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
23

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.2 to 7.6
34
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.3 to 8.8
100

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.3 to 3.8
11
Density, g/cm3 7.8 to 7.9
3.0
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.6 to 1.8
8.0
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 21 to 25
150
Embodied Water, L/kg 48 to 57
1150

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 140 to 170
21
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 1280 to 1590
390
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
46
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 28 to 29
32
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 24 to 25
36
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 10 to 14
49
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 23 to 24
15