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ASTM Grade HD Steel vs. AISI 304 Stainless Steel

Both ASTM grade HD steel and AISI 304 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 90% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM grade HD steel and the bottom bar is AISI 304 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
200
Elongation at Break, % 9.1
8.0 to 43
Fatigue Strength, MPa 140
210 to 440
Poisson's Ratio 0.27
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 80
77
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 590
580 to 1180
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 270
230 to 860

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 310
290
Maximum Temperature: Corrosion, °C 460
420
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 1100
710
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1410
1450
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1370
1400
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 490
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 16
16
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 11
17

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.1
2.4
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.5
2.7

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 17
15
Density, g/cm3 7.7
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.1
3.0
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 45
43
Embodied Water, L/kg 180
150

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 29
20
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 44
86 to 250
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 180
140 to 1870
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 15
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 26
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 21
21 to 42
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20
20 to 32
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 4.3
4.2
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 19
12 to 25

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.5
0 to 0.080
Chromium (Cr), % 26 to 30
18 to 20
Iron (Fe), % 58.4 to 70
66.5 to 74
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 1.5
0 to 2.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0 to 0.5
0
Nickel (Ni), % 4.0 to 7.0
8.0 to 10.5
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0 to 0.1
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.045
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 2.0
0 to 0.75
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.030