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ASTM Grade HD Steel vs. AISI 418 Stainless Steel

Both ASTM grade HD steel and AISI 418 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 80% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM grade HD steel and the bottom bar is AISI 418 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
200
Elongation at Break, % 9.1
17
Fatigue Strength, MPa 140
520
Poisson's Ratio 0.27
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 80
77
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 590
1100
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 270
850

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 310
270
Maximum Temperature: Corrosion, °C 460
390
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 1100
770
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1410
1500
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1370
1460
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 490
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 16
25
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 11
10

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.1
2.8
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.5
3.1

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 17
15
Density, g/cm3 7.7
8.0
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.1
2.9
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 45
41
Embodied Water, L/kg 180
110

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 29
19
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 44
170
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 180
1830
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 15
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 26
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 21
38
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20
29
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 4.3
6.7
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 19
40

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.5
0.15 to 0.2
Chromium (Cr), % 26 to 30
12 to 14
Iron (Fe), % 58.4 to 70
78.5 to 83.6
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 1.5
0 to 0.5
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0 to 0.5
0 to 0.5
Nickel (Ni), % 4.0 to 7.0
1.8 to 2.2
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 2.0
0 to 0.5
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.030
Tungsten (W), % 0
2.5 to 3.5