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ASTM Grade HD Steel vs. AISI 440A Stainless Steel

Both ASTM grade HD steel and AISI 440A stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 83% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM grade HD steel and the bottom bar is AISI 440A stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
200
Elongation at Break, % 9.1
5.0 to 20
Fatigue Strength, MPa 140
270 to 790
Poisson's Ratio 0.27
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 80
77
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 590
730 to 1790
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 270
420 to 1650

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 310
280
Maximum Temperature: Corrosion, °C 460
400
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 1100
760
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1410
1480
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1370
1370
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 490
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 16
23
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 11
10

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.1
2.5
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.5
2.9

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 17
9.0
Density, g/cm3 7.7
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.1
2.2
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 45
31
Embodied Water, L/kg 180
120

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 29
18
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 44
87 to 120
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 15
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 26
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 21
26 to 65
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20
23 to 43
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 4.3
6.2
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 19
26 to 65

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.5
0.6 to 0.75
Chromium (Cr), % 26 to 30
16 to 18
Iron (Fe), % 58.4 to 70
78.4 to 83.4
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 1.5
0 to 1.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0 to 0.5
0 to 0.75
Nickel (Ni), % 4.0 to 7.0
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 2.0
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.015