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ASTM Grade HD Steel vs. ASTM A372 Grade L Steel

Both ASTM grade HD steel and ASTM A372 grade L steel are iron alloys. They have 68% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM grade HD steel and the bottom bar is ASTM A372 grade L steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
190
Elongation at Break, % 9.1
14
Fatigue Strength, MPa 140
670
Poisson's Ratio 0.27
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 80
73
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 590
1160
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 270
1040

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 310
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 1100
430
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1410
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1370
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 490
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 16
44
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 11
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.1
7.5
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.5
8.6

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 17
3.5
Density, g/cm3 7.7
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.1
1.7
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 45
22
Embodied Water, L/kg 180
54

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 44
150
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 180
2890
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 15
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 26
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 21
41
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20
31
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 4.3
12
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 19
34

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.5
0.38 to 0.43
Chromium (Cr), % 26 to 30
0.7 to 0.9
Iron (Fe), % 58.4 to 70
95.2 to 96.3
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 1.5
0.6 to 0.8
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0 to 0.5
0.2 to 0.3
Nickel (Ni), % 4.0 to 7.0
1.7 to 2.0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.015
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 2.0
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.010