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ASTM Grade HD Steel vs. ASTM Grade HK Steel

Both ASTM grade HD steel and ASTM grade HK steel are iron alloys. Both are furnished in the as-fabricated (no temper or treatment) condition. They have 85% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (1, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM grade HD steel and the bottom bar is ASTM grade HK steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
200
Elongation at Break, % 9.1
11
Fatigue Strength, MPa 140
150
Poisson's Ratio 0.27
0.27
Shear Modulus, GPa 80
79
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 590
500
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 270
270

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 310
310
Maximum Temperature: Corrosion, °C 460
440
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 1100
1100
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1410
1400
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1370
1350
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 490
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 16
15
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 11
17

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.1
2.0
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.5
2.3

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 17
25
Density, g/cm3 7.7
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.1
4.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 45
63
Embodied Water, L/kg 180
200

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 29
27
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 44
48
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 180
190
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 15
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 26
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 21
18
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20
18
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 4.3
3.9
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 19
11

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.5
0.2 to 0.6
Chromium (Cr), % 26 to 30
24 to 28
Iron (Fe), % 58.4 to 70
44.8 to 57.8
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 1.5
0 to 2.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0 to 0.5
0 to 0.5
Nickel (Ni), % 4.0 to 7.0
18 to 22
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 2.0
0 to 2.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.040