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ASTM Grade HD Steel vs. AWS E316

Both ASTM grade HD steel and AWS E316 are iron alloys. They have 90% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 25 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (6, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM grade HD steel and the bottom bar is AWS E316.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
200
Elongation at Break, % 9.1
34
Poisson's Ratio 0.27
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 80
78
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 590
580

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 310
290
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1410
1440
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1370
1390
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 490
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 16
15
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 11
14

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.1
2.3
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.5
2.6

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 17
20
Density, g/cm3 7.7
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.1
4.0
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 45
55
Embodied Water, L/kg 180
160

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 29
27
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 15
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 26
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 21
20
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20
20
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 4.3
4.0
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 19
15

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.5
0 to 0.080
Chromium (Cr), % 26 to 30
17 to 20
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.75
Iron (Fe), % 58.4 to 70
58.6 to 69.5
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 1.5
0.5 to 2.5
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0 to 0.5
2.0 to 3.0
Nickel (Ni), % 4.0 to 7.0
11 to 14
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 2.0
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.030