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ASTM Grade HD Steel vs. AZ91B Magnesium

ASTM grade HD steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while AZ91B magnesium belongs to the magnesium alloys. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (6, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM grade HD steel and the bottom bar is AZ91B magnesium.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
46
Elongation at Break, % 9.1
5.0
Fatigue Strength, MPa 140
79
Poisson's Ratio 0.27
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 80
18
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 590
240
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 270
160

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 310
360
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 1100
130
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1410
600
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1370
470
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 490
990
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 16
73
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 11
26

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.1
11
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.5
58

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 17
12
Density, g/cm3 7.7
1.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.1
22
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 45
160
Embodied Water, L/kg 180
990

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 44
11
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 180
280
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 15
15
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 26
69
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 21
38
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20
49
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 4.3
42
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 19
14

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
8.3 to 9.7
Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.5
0
Chromium (Cr), % 26 to 30
0
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.35
Iron (Fe), % 58.4 to 70
0
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
87.9 to 91.2
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 1.5
0.13 to 0.5
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0 to 0.5
0
Nickel (Ni), % 4.0 to 7.0
0 to 0.030
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 2.0
0 to 0.5
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0.35 to 1.0