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ASTM Grade HD Steel vs. EN 1.0031 Steel

Both ASTM grade HD steel and EN 1.0031 steel are iron alloys. They have 65% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM grade HD steel and the bottom bar is EN 1.0031 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
190
Elongation at Break, % 9.1
28
Fatigue Strength, MPa 140
160
Poisson's Ratio 0.27
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 80
73
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 590
310
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 270
210

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 310
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 1100
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1410
1470
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1370
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 490
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 16
53
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 11
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.1
7.0
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.5
8.0

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 17
1.8
Density, g/cm3 7.7
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.1
1.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 45
18
Embodied Water, L/kg 180
45

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 44
78
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 180
120
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 15
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 26
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 21
11
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20
13
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 4.3
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 19
9.8

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.5
0 to 0.1
Chromium (Cr), % 26 to 30
0
Iron (Fe), % 58.4 to 70
98.8 to 100
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 1.5
0 to 0.7
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0 to 0.5
0
Nickel (Ni), % 4.0 to 7.0
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.045
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 2.0
0 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.045