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ASTM Grade HD Steel vs. EN 2.4951 Nickel

ASTM grade HD steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while EN 2.4951 nickel belongs to the nickel alloys. They have a modest 29% of their average alloy composition in common, which, by itself, doesn't mean much. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM grade HD steel and the bottom bar is EN 2.4951 nickel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
190
Elongation at Break, % 9.1
34
Fatigue Strength, MPa 140
200
Poisson's Ratio 0.27
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 80
76
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 590
750
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 270
270

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 310
320
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 1100
1150
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1410
1360
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1370
1310
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 490
460
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 16
12
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 11
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.1
1.6
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.5
1.7

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 17
60
Density, g/cm3 7.7
8.5
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.1
9.3
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 45
130
Embodied Water, L/kg 180
280

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 44
200
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 180
190
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 15
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 26
23
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 21
25
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20
22
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 4.3
3.1
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 19
23

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
0 to 0.3
Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.5
0.080 to 0.15
Chromium (Cr), % 26 to 30
18 to 21
Cobalt (Co), % 0
0 to 5.0
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.5
Iron (Fe), % 58.4 to 70
0 to 5.0
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 1.5
0 to 1.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0 to 0.5
0
Nickel (Ni), % 4.0 to 7.0
65.4 to 81.7
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.020
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 2.0
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.015
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0.2 to 0.6