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ASTM Grade HD Steel vs. EN 2.4964 Cobalt

ASTM grade HD steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while EN 2.4964 cobalt belongs to the cobalt alloys. They have a modest 28% of their average alloy composition in common, which, by itself, doesn't mean much. There are 27 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM grade HD steel and the bottom bar is EN 2.4964 cobalt.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
220
Elongation at Break, % 9.1
40
Fatigue Strength, MPa 140
220
Poisson's Ratio 0.27
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 80
86
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 590
960
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 270
390

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 310
290
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1410
1630
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1370
1550
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 490
400
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 16
15
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 11
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.1
1.9
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.5
1.8

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Density, g/cm3 7.7
9.6
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.1
9.8
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 45
140
Embodied Water, L/kg 180
450

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 44
310
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 180
340
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 15
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 26
21
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 21
28
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20
23
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 4.3
3.9
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 19
25

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.5
0.050 to 0.15
Chromium (Cr), % 26 to 30
19 to 21
Cobalt (Co), % 0
46.4 to 58
Iron (Fe), % 58.4 to 70
0 to 3.0
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 1.5
0 to 2.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0 to 0.5
0
Nickel (Ni), % 4.0 to 7.0
9.0 to 11
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.020
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 2.0
0 to 0.4
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.015
Tungsten (W), % 0
14 to 16